Client/Server Network

 Computer technology is leading to more accurate sizing and rating methods for process equipment.  Heat exchangers are designed with high-precision prediction methods and complex numerical techniques to account for the local flow and temperature conditions. Fouling mitigation is just changing from an art to a science-based technology. A long-term goal for the industry is to develop a knowledge-based system for designing and operating heat exchangers with a minimum impact of water fouling. We can find different contemporary technologies at this time including transportation, information technology, robotics, virtual reality, Internet of Things and many more.

CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK 

A client-server network is a central computer, also known as a server, which

hosts data and other forms of resources. Clients such as laptops and desktop computers contact the server and request to use data or share its other resources with it.A client server network is designed for end-users, called clients, to access resources such as files, songs, video collections, or some other service from a central computer called a server.The client uses the network as a way to connect with and speak to the server. The server will take the request and make sure that the request is valid.The server can make a request from the client as well. Client-server networking grew in popularity during the 1990s as personal computers became the alternative to mainframe computers. The client-server model can be used on the internet as well as on a local area network (LAN). Examples of client servers on the internet include web browsers and web servers, FTP clients and servers, and the DNS..

ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORK

1) All files are stored in central location. 

2) Network peripherals are controlled centrally

3) Backups and network security is controlled centrally

4) Users can access shared data which is centrally controlled

 DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORK   

1) A specialist network operating system is needed.

2) The server is expensive to purchase.

3) Specialist staff such as a network manager is needed.

4) If any part of the network fails a lot of disruption can occur.

Client and Server Hardware

Client devices are typically PCs with network software applications installed that request and receive information over the network. In addition, mobile devices function as clients. Servers store files and databases, including complex applications and websites. Servers typically feature higher-powered central processors, more memory, and larger disk drives than client devices. 

Client-Server Applications

The client-server model organizes network traffic using a client application and client devices. Network clients send messages to a server to make requests of it. Servers respond to clients by acting on each request and returning the results.

One server supports many clients, and multiple servers can be networked together in a server pool to handle increased processing loads as the number of clients grows.  Some of the most popular applications on the internet follow the client-server model, including email, FTP, and web services. Each of these clients features a graphic or text-based user interface and a client application that connects the client to the server. In the case of email and FTP, users enter a computer name (or an IP address) into the interface to set up a connection to the server.

Local Client Server Network

Many home networks use client-server systems on a small scale.Broadband routers, for example, contain DHCP ( Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) servers that provide IP addresses to the home computers, the DHCP clients. Other types of network servers found in a home include print servers and backup servers.         

                                             

Moreover, the client-server model supports modular applications that can make the job of creating software easier. In the two-tier and three-tier types of client-server systems, software applications are separated into modular components, and each component is installed on clients or servers specialized for that subsystem.It is one of the fastest growing part of computer network that provides a great advantages to us. Besides all the merits and demerits of client server network it has prove as the one of the best contemporary technologies for the entire world in field of science and technology. 

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E-Learning ( Merits and Demerits)

Due to this pandemic COVID-19 whole world is suffering a lot of circumstances. It has disturbed in many activities like business, education and many more organization and so on. All the activities are being stopped due to this pandemic situation. We are not being able to join our educational class physically but educational institution  have come upon a new idea of taking virtual classes ( e-learning). It has played a great role in student's life by helping them to take knowledge through online by staying at their own house. The government has decided to continue teaching learning activities through online using electronic gadgets. The main aim of this online classes is to provide higher education to students no matter where they are located. Like anything else in the world e-learning comes with the both merits and demerits. 

Some of the merits of E-learning are mentioned below :-

1) Students can learn at their own place and study at their own convenience. 

2) It provides better understanding of courses using different effective and interactive tools for    presentation of specific topic.

3) Online education helps the students to build up their technical skills.

4) While taking virtual class there is a less chance of being disturbed by friends and teachers should also not shout to students time and again like in regular classes.

5) E-Learning has become more beneficial for teachers as they can keep the record of each and every assignment of every students.

 Demerits of E-Leraning are :-

1) Students may distract and misuse it in the name of online class.

2) The biggest problem of virtual class is limitation of technology.

3) Students can chat privately during online periods without being known by teachers. 

4) Some mischievous students may spoil the whole class by entering in the class with  false name, messaging privately and disturbing friends and so on. 

5) E-Learning can decrese the creativity level of students.

The government should take some action to provide gadgets in remote areas. many students are not being able to attend the online class due to lack of internet problems and modern technology. 

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Teej - The festival of women.

 Occurring around the month of August, 

Teej is the festival celebrated by all women all over the Nepal for three days. Decked up in the red sareees and red tikas, bangles women sing and dance to traditional folk songs for days. It is mostly significant to married women when they get a special invitation to visit their maternal uncle for feast.

Following the longest feat also known as Dar,  the women sit for 24 hours long fasting, where mostly  do not eat food or even drink water. It is a sight to behold at the Pashupatinath Temple, where thousand of women drapped in red and green through the premise of temple. Observers can take photos of this women dancing merrily, where sometimes foreigners especially women tourist are requested to participate in merry making. The significance of this festival is for women to ask special blessings from Lord Shiva, to have attain a good Husband in life and pray for his longevity and

prosperity.

On the final day of this three festival women satisfy seven saints offering them money various foods and offering, and also bathing with red mud and brushing teeth with Datiwan hoping this purifies their soul and body.

                         * THANK YOU *

My experience of Educational Tour

"Live with no excuses and travel with no regrets"

The excitement knocked the door of grade 9 students when they were told about the educational tour. The school administration decided to take tour during winter vacation. It was 4 nights and 5 days tour from 2076/09/19 to 2076/09/23. This news made all the students so excited that out of 47 students 30 students were ready for this tour. As planned we were decided to visit 4 different places i.e Chitwan, Ghandruk, Pokhara and Bandipur. Along with students 4 teachers also joined us.

 Day 1 ( Kathmandu to Chitwan)

As planned 30 students along with teachers arrived school at 5:45 am. Then all the students along with teachers left for the tour. On first day our destination was Sauraha. We reached Naag Dhunga at 6:40 am. All the students were sleeping this time. The scenary around was not so visible due to fog. It was really very cold that time. At 7:10 we crosses Naubise and moved towards Malekhu. We had our breakfast at 8:00 am. We were provided doughnuts on the bus only. Along with doughnuts we were provided eggs too. We all were enjoying the bus ride. Some of them were singing whereas some were dancing in the bus. We took a small break in Dhading.

 
At 10:40 we reached Muglin. After that we entered Chitwan. It was really a beautiful place. I was amazed by seeing the yellow mustard flower. Around 11:45 we reached Ramnagar and we had our meal. After that we directly moved toward our resort. We reached our resort at 1:10 pm.The resort was beautiful on the bank of the beautiful Narayani river. Then we immediately went for the ride of Chitwan National Park experiencing the most enthusiastic Jeep Safari. It was almost 2 hour ride. Then we went back to the resort and again left for the museum and elephant breeding center.We observed the things kept in the museum which was very attracting and interesting. But we were massively starving. I couldn't focus less in the elephant breeding center. Then we immediately rushed back to the resort and had the most delicious food ever. Maybe it was also the hunger that made it more tasty. We had it watching the beautiful sunset on the bank of the river.

5 of us shared a room. The room was pretty nice and comfortable too. Then we went to observe Tharu culture at 7:00 pm. It was very interesting to watch that culture. The dances were performed in mesmerizing way. After the completion of the culture we too danced with them on the stage. The culture lasted for 1 hour. After that we went for a shor walk and returned to our hotel. We had a campfire and we took our dinner at 9:45.

Day 2 ( Chitwan to Ghandruk) 

As planned we departed from resort at 6:00 am after having morning tea. After that we moved towards Pokhara. As all the students and teachers woke up

early in the morning all of them felt sleepy on the bus. On this day we had our breakfast on bus only. We reached Pokhara at 11:05 am and we had our meal at 11:40 am. The meal was vary tasty. We took rest for half an hour. After that we left for Ghandruk. We all enjoyed the bus ride by singing and dancing. We too clicked many photos on the bus. The road was not so good. I got little scared. We reached Kimche Bus Station with a lot of difficulties faced on off-side road. 

We were even able to see Mt. Machhapuchre lying in the Annapurna range. We had our lunch near the Kimche Bus Station. After having lunch we moved for hike to Ghandruk village. During hike we have to climb the staircase. All the students were tired after half an hour walk. Some of the teachers even lost

their  way. We reached Ghandruk gate at 5:50 pm. Again after half an hour walk we reached our hotel. The place was amazing. Mountains were clearly visible from the hotel. After reaching hotel we were provided a cup of tea. After

having tea I felt warm. It was very cold at Ghandruk. The water was so cold that we could not even touch it. We stayed at -1 c at Ghandruk. We had our dinner at 7:30 pm. It was so tasty to eat. After meal we had a camfire. We played Antakshari between girls and boys. It was so fun to play with friends and teachers. It was totally different experience for me. After camfire we went to sleep. 







 Day 3 ( Ghandruk to Pokhara) 


 This day we woke up at 5:30 am and went to visit Ghandruk village. We went by walking. It was so fun to see the beautiful mountains. It was my first time

that I had seen the such a beautiful mountains from so near. This was the most beautiful memory I have captured from Ghandruk. At 7:50 we had our snacks and we departed from hotel at 8:10 am. We reached Kimche Bus Station at 9:00 am. We took rest for sometimes and moved toward Pokhara. I enjoyed the beautiful scenery from the bus. We reached our hotel at 1:00 pm. After reaching there we had our meal. Then we moved for boating in Fewa lake. The lake was so big and wonderful. At 2:10 we reached Fewa lake and Taal Barahi Temple. It was so enjoyable moment while boating. We clicked photographs and sing while boating. 

At 2:50 we returned from Fewa lake and moved towards Devid's Fall. We reached Devid's  fall at 3:00 pm. We observed the Devid's fall and clicked some photos with the cultural dress. At 3;30 we observed the Gupteshwor Mahadev Cave. It was very hot inside the cave. It was very slippery also. We observed

David's fall and Kamdhenu cow inside the cave. After that we went to Shanti Stupa. On that stupa we were strictly prohibited to make noise. We clicked photographs  without making noise. We observed the beautiful scenery from that stupa. We returned at 5:00 pm from stupa and we had our lunch at nearby resturant. We were provided Samosa Chat as our lunch. Me Ojashwi, Resha, Susmita, Swastika, Deepak sir and Bijay sir had a competition that who will finish the chat at first. Deepak sir won the competition. One of our friend Anmol bought Lolipop for all the students. We ate lolipop and enjoyed our night walk at lakeside. During night time Fewa lake look so amazing. 

We returned to hotel at 7:00 pm. Our teachers surprised us by providing Pizza. The pizza was so delicious. After that we had camfire. We dance and sing on the campfire. We had our dinner at 9:00 pm. Again after having dinner we started dancing. We danced till 10:00 pm. I was so tired that I went to room and sleep.








Day 4 ( Pokhara to Bandipur) 

As told we got ready at 5:40 and went to Sarangkot to see sunrise. By 6:35 we reached Sarangkot. The scenery was overwhelming and mesmerizing. We couldn't see the sunlight clearly but we all were satisfied by seeing the

beautiful mountains. By 7:10 we returned back from Sarangkot and we left for the Bindyabasini Temple.  We reached temple by 7:45 am. We visited all the round from temple and click photographs. After returning from temple we had our breakfast at nearby hotel. After having breakfast we went to Mahendra cave. We enterd the Mahendra Cave at 9:05. The cave was slippery same like Gupteshwor. There was many ancient sculpture inside the cave. I had a good time inside the cave. The exit for the cave was little bit difficult but I managed it. 

We returned back to the bus and we went to Bat Cave. We reached there at 9:50 am. It was totally different and difficult to walk inside tha cave. The cave was fully covered with bats. We crawled to get outside of the cave. I got scared at

that time but teachers helped us a lot to get out of that cave. We returned to bus and went to observe Seti river. After that we returned to hotel and we had our meal. We rest for some time at hotel and departed from hotel and moved towards International Mountains Museum. We reached there at 12:30pm and observe the cultural dresses of diferent caste. We observed the equipments of climbing mountains. After that we were shown a small video. I enjoyed a lot watching that video. 

We left for Bandipur at 1:50 after returning from museum. We reached Bnadipur at 5:15. The local people welcomed us with a flower and a tika. It is a culture of that place. They too give us a cup of tea and a piece of potato to enjoy the view. On that day we stayed in home stay. We divided groups and went to different different homes. Me along with my 4 friends Ojashwi, Resha, Swastika and Susmita stayed in one home. We had our dinner at 7:30. After having dinner we gathered in Rodhi Ghar. There we played dohori and we too observe the local song of that locality. Around 10:00 we returned to our respective houses.


Day 5 ( Bandipur to Kathmandu)  

We had a plan to go for a hike to Bandipur at 6:00 am. All the groups went for hike but our group was late. We walked fast and finally we catch all the

students. There we climbed staircase. I got so frustrated. We went there to watch the sunrise but this time also we couldn't see it due to fog. While returning from hike we saw a little part view of sunrise. We return to our respective home at 7:30 and we had our snacks. After that we departed from the home. While returning back local people again put tika and gave small flower. We departed from there at 8:50 and moved towards the Siddha Cave. 

While returning from Bandipur we visited local market and buy some gifts to the teachers. We kept our bags on the bus and moved towards the Siddha Cave. Siddha Cave is the largest cave of Asia. We went through jungle. It was really a memorable experience for me. We reached the cave at 10:00 am. It was so big and huge. Among all the caves we visited it was the biggest of them. We were very excited to go inside the cave. One of their guide joined us and he showed all the monuments present inside the cave. It was dark so we turned the flashlight from our mobiles phone. We all were amazed by seeing such beautiful architect. We departed from cave at 11:00 am. Around 11:30 we reached the hotel and we had our meal. The meal was so delicious. After that we departed for Malekhu. 

We reached Malekhu at 2:00 pm and we had a plate of fish. The fish was so

good. Many students bought it and took to their houses. We rest their for some time and we moved toward Kathmandu at 2:15. All the things were happening according to our schedule. We crossed Naubise at 4:00 pm. We were not ready to go home. We still want to spend some more days with friends and teachers.
The time passed so quickly that we could not even realize that our tour has been completed. Finally we reached our school we took our bags and moved towards our home. I share all my experience to my family members.  








With this beautiful trip I was so energized. I would like to thank our school administration for organizing such an wonderful and memorable tour. Throughout my life I had never experienced such an interesting, enjoyable, amazing and memorable tour. This has become the best part of my life with friends and teachers. I would like to visit this places again and again.

                                                THANK YOU!!

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